You have to teach the patient what is the diabetes mellitus is and why his dietary restriction are necessary. Then he/she will learn the approximate quantity of food served at each meal, particularly if the patient is receiving insulin or one of the oral drugs.
DIET THERAPY
The calories requirement for the nonobese adult diabetis is the same as normal individuals of same sex, age, height and activity. However, the diabetic is cautioned to maintain his weight at a level slightly below his desirable body weight.
Calories prescription for an obese adult diabetic is designed to promote weight loss. It is based on 20-25 calories per kilogram of ideal body weight depending on his activity.
For the patients using moderate-acting insulin, the distrubution of calories in a days diet usually ordered by the physician. As a general rule about 1/2 of the total carbohydrate is given prior to the time of peak action,about 8 hours after injection, and i/2 of carbohydrate i sgiven after this time. the remaining grams of carbohydrate in the diet prescription may be distributed equally among the 3 meals.
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